Line 8x8-inch pan with parchment/foil, leaving an overhang for easy removal. Cut butter into tablespoons.
Microwave butter, chocolate chips, and condensed milk in a large, microwave-safe bowl, stirring every 20 seconds until smooth. After each microwave burst, stir for 30 seconds to ensure even melting. Be patient and stir often to avoid burning. Once melted, add vanilla and salt, stirring until smooth.
Pour fudge into the prepared pan. Spray a spatula with cooking spray and use it to smooth fudge into an even layer that is touching all sides of the pan and has a smooth top. Place in the fridge.
For the caramels, in a separate bowl, mix unwrapped caramels and 1 tablespoon of heavy cream. Microwave for 10 seconds, then stir for 20 seconds. Repeat microwaving in 10-second bursts, stirring for 20 seconds each time until completely melted. If necessary, add another tablespoon of cream. Melt the caramel slowly, stirring frequently, to prevent burning. Rushing can cause the caramel to become hard and brittle in the microwave.
Spread caramel evenly over the chocolate. Use a nonstick-sprayed spoon to gently smooth and spread the caramel. If desired, top with sea salt.
Cover tightly and refrigerate to harden/set up overnight, or at least 8 hours.
Remove fudge using the parchment overhang. Cut into small pieces using a hot, sharp knife (run knife under hot water and dry it).
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Notes
Note 1: Milk chocolate yields rich fudge, while semi-sweet or dark chocolate offers a less sweet taste. Opt for high-quality brands like Ghirardelli® or Guittard® for tastier fudge.Storage: Store Microwave Fudge in the fridge in an airtight container; best enjoyed cold within 2–3 days and remains fresh up to 2 weeks. Avoid leaving out to prevent drying.